Apparatus for making coffee infusions



Oct. 10, 1939. M. H. GRAHAM APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE INFUSIONS Filed April 29, 1937 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 38 W [n van/ or Oct. 10, 1939. M. H. GRAHAM APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE INFUSIONS Filed April 29, 1937 '7 SheetsSheet 4 Auz/cE/iGm/MM (A14, V2.1

Oct. 10, 1939. M. H. GRAHAM I APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE INFUSIONS Filed April 29, 1937 7 Sheets5heet 5 Oct. 10, 1939, M. H. GRAHAM APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE INFUSIONS Filed April 29, 1937 T Sheets-Sheet 6 [7 2 6 7t 0 7 Mme/cf/i GRAHAM AT'rozA/E Yo- Oct. 10, 1939. M. H. GRAHAM APPARATUS FOR IAKINGQOFFEE INFUSIONS '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed A ril 29, 1937 fie. 2/

llllllllllllllllllllllll I 1 7 I v 7 n I 7 n u 7 I 7 2 Q Mm/flcE/ZGEA/MM 13 W M Patented Oct. 10, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE INFUSIONS 20 Claims.

A general object of the invention is to provide a simple, efllcient apparatus for making infusions of coffee.

Another broad object of the invention is the provision of such apparatus in which the infusion is effected substantially without boiling any of the infused liquid.

Again it is an object of the invention to provide a simplified apparatus for making coffee infusions substantially without boiling any of the infused liquid wherein infused liquid is continuously recirculated through the coffee.

Also, the invention contemplates the provision of an efllcient and simple apparatus for making 16 infusions of coffee substantially without boiling the infused liquid which is automatic in operation, is easy to set in operation, and will operate to make uniform infusions.

Moreover, it is an object of the invention to provide such automatic apparatus which may readily be adjusted to make various predetermined quantities of infusion.

Furthermore, the infusion has for one of its objects the provision of an automatic apparatus for making coffee infusions substantially without boiling infused liquid which is provided with a simplified control for regulating the maximum temperature at'which the infusing liquid contacts the coffee, whereby the taste of the infusion may 80 be readily controlled.

Additional objects are the provision of such apparatus which will be safe in operation, will give maximum extraction of the coffee under deslrable temperature conditions, will not readily get out of order, and will make the extraction in a minimum of time.

These and numerous other objects of the invention will become more readily apparent upon a detailed reading of the accompanying specification and drawings, together with the appended claims.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings- Figure l constitutes a vertical sectional view through a coffee making apparatus made in accordance with the present invention, the said section being taken along the line l-l of Figure 2; v

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the coffee making apparatus;

Figures 3 and 4 are views of a portion of the automatic control apparatus;

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view along the line 5-5 of Figure l and shows in detail the construction of a steam injector nozzle assembly;

Figure 6 is a sectional view along the line 6-6 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a sectional view along the line 'I-1 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; ii

Figure 8 is a sectional view along the line 8-4 of Figure '7; a

Figure 9 is a view si 'lar to Figure 8 but showing the parts in different position;

Figure 10 is an enlarged partial view showing 10 the arrangement of a bimetallic element for automatically deenergizing the apparatus when the coffee making operation is concluded;

Figure 11 is an enlarged partial view showing a bimetallic element for effecting an intermediate 15 control of the heating elements of the apparatus;

Figure 12 is a partial view in front elevation showing details of construction of one of the heating elements and means for tensioning the same;

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view along line |3-|3 of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is an enlarged partial view in front elevation showing tensioning means for another heating element; 25

Figure 15 is a schematic wiring diagram;

Figure 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a modified form of apparatus made in accord ance with the invention;

Figure 17 is a view showing a fastening de- 30 vice for the apparatus shown in Figure 16;

Figure 18 is a vertical sectional view of still another modification of the invention;

Figure 19 is a fragment of the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 18 and illustrating the parts in a difierent position;

Figure 20 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing yet another modification of the invention; and

Figure 21 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view 40 of the modification illustrated in Figure 20 and showing the parts in a different position.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a coffee making apparatus comprising in this case a substantially cylindrical member 2 of sheet metal 45 or the like having a suitable top 4 provided with any desired form of spreading means 6, and also having the usual form of pouring spout 8 and any desired type of handle Ill.

The member 2 consists of an upper cylindrical 50 wall portion I2 and a lower somewhat flared cylindrical wall portion 14 constituting a continuation of the upper portion l2 and being somewhat in the nature of a skirt. Mounted within the member 2 is a transverse member generally des- 56 aware? ignated at it and consisting of an annular ring portion l8 joined to the inner wal of member 2 at the junction between the upper wall portion l2 and the lower irirt portion M by any suitable means such as y welding or soldering a turned edge thereto. The transverse member further consists of a cylindrically shaped por-- tion which depends from and is preferably integral with the annular ring portion I 8. Again, the partition member l6 includes an annular ring portion 22 which is at right angles to the cylindrical portion 28 at the bottom thereof, and an upwardly sloping annular wall portion 24 having an upper vertical edge 26 defining a central circular opening. The portions I8, 28, 22, 24 and 26 of the transverse member l6 may be made of separate pieces but preferably these portions are integral as above stated.

Numerals 30 and 38 designate the side walls and bottom, respectively, of a well 28 of generally circular cross-section. The upper portion of the sides of the well is tapered inwardly as at 32 and the upper edge of the well is flanged as at 34 to provide a flat, annular upper surface constituting a seat for a cap or partition member to be later described. The upper flanged edge 34 is secured to the edge 26 of the transverse member by any suitable means making a fluid-tight connection such as by welding, soldering or the like 36. Thus the well 28 is connected to and suspended from the edges of the central opening in the transverse member l6. Such connection in effect makes the walls of well 28 a continuation of the partition member IS. The bottom 38 has a raised central portion 40 causing liquid within the chamber to drain towards the outer walls thereof when the level of the liquid is low.. At the center of the bottom 38 there is mounted a stud 42 extending vertically upwardly inside of the chamber. Such stud has an enlarged base portion 43 which is positioned on the outside of the bottom wall 38 and such wall is secured to the stud 42 and its enlarged base 43 in any desired manner, as for instance by welding or soldering to make a fluid-tight connection. The stud 42 has an upper screw-threaded portion 44 of reduced diameter.

Below the transverse member l6 and the Well 28 there is an open space in which controls are conveniently mounted. Such open space is preferably closed off by a bottom 46 engaging the lower edges of the skirt l4 and the device is further provided with any suitable form of legs 48.

Numeral 50 designates generally a flexible heating element which encircles the outside of the vertical side wall 30 of the Well 28 and it is held in tensioned engagement therewith. The construction of such flexible heating element and its tensioning means are shown in some detail in Figures 5, 12 and 18. Referring more particularly to these figures, numeral 52 designates an inner sheet or layer of insulating material which is directly in engagement with the vertical wall 30 of the compartment 28. This sheet of insulation is preferably mica or some other suitable transparent flexible insulating material. Numerals 54 and 56 designate intermediate and outer layers of mica or other insulating material and numeral 58 designates an outer layer of sheet steel or other flexible, preferably nontransparent, strong material by means of which the mica sheets may be pressed against the wall 30. Numeral 60 designates a resistance wire which is wrapped around the intermediate heat ing meet I d thus only engages the mica insulating s This resistance wire may consist of microne wire or any other suitable resistance material and it is preferably wrapped around. the intermediate mica sheet 54 substantially throughout its entire length. Numeral 62 designates bent-over lugs formed integrally with the outer steel sheet 58 and these lugs serve as a support for suitably insulated terminals 64 to which the ends of the microme resistance wire 60 are connected and to which circuit connections are made. In securing the flexibile heating element 5!] to the wall 30 of the compartment 28 the layers of insulating material and sheet steel are arranged in the relationship just described and are then wrapped around the outside of the Wall 30. For the purpose of holding the same in place, there is provided any suitable tensioning means for the outer sheet steel covering 58 as, for example, a tension clamp 86 consisting of a rod 68 upon which there are slidably mounted bracket members 10 which are resiliently urged toward one another by a spring 12 held in place by a suitable nut 74. The bracket members 10 have inturned portions 16 extending into openings at member 58 will be resiliently compressed and will hold the sheet mica members and the microme wire in place against the outside of well 28 as construction as the heating element 50. In the modification of the invention herein disclosed,

of the vertical, cylindrical wall portion 20 of the transverse member I 6. Figure I4 illustrates the different form of tensioning means employed and as there shown, these means consist of pivoted members which are resiliently urged together by an adjustable spring 82 at one end and engage openings in the outer sheet metal member 58 of the heating element at their opposite ends for the purpose of drawing the ends of the sheet metal member 58 together.

A liquid circulating unit for the device is shown in Figures 1 and 5. This unit consists of a circulating tube 84 having an enlarged lower portion provided with liquid inlet openings 86. The tube 84 is mounted upon and preferably permanently secured to a steam injector assembly whose principal parts are a nozzle member 88, an outer sleeve detachably secured to the nozzle member at its lower end as for instance by screw threads, a base member 92 projecting downwardly from the bottom of the outer sleeve, and a cap or partition member 94, 96. As shown in the drawings, the partition member consists of a circular disk 94 of sheet metal and a lower circular disk of rubber or other resilient material, each of which is provided with a central circular opening for the nozzle member 88. The central opening of the rubber disk 96 is preferably of such size as to make a snug fit with the insulating wall between the well 28 and the compartment I25. The edge of the central opening of the sheet metal disk 94 is bent inwardly as at 95 and its upper surface and engages an inclined shoulder formed on the nozzle member 88 whereby a tight connection is made between the cap or partition member 94 and the outside of the nozzle member 88 when these members are held in compressed relation. The base member 92 is provided at its upper end with a portion of reduced diameter which is recessed and provided with interior screw threads. A screw member I00, provided with an enlarged head I02 having edges extending beyond the end of the upper reduced portion of the base member 92 is screwed into the aforementioned recess. A compression spring I04 is imprisoned in the annular space between the reduced upper portion of the base member 92 and the inside of the outer sleeve 90 by means of the said screw head I02 and a shoulder I06 extending inwardly in the sleeve member 90. The base member is provided with a transversely mounted pin I08 passing through suitable slots IIO formed in the lower portion of the outer sleeve member 90. This slot and pin arrangement permits of relative sliding movement between the sleeve 90 and the base member 92 but prevents relative rotation between these members. The lower portion of the base member 92 is provided with a screw threaded recess and a downwardly extending skirt I I2 having a sloping inner surface. This screw threaded recess receives the upper screw threaded portion 44 of the permanently mounted stud 42 as shown in Figure 5.

A guide member H4 is mounted on the shank of the nozzle member 88 and is provided with sloping down-turned edges which facilitate in guiding the steam injector assembly when it is inserted into the well 28. The guide member II4 simply rests by gravity upon the upper edge of the outer sleeve 90.

The nozzle member 88 is provided with a central bore which is of reduced diameter at its upper end and is of enlarged diameter at its lower end.

' A series of restricted passageways II8 connect the interior of the enlarged portion of the central bore of the nozzle with the exterior thereof. As shown in Figure 5, the upper end of the sleeve 90 is counterbored and likewise provided with a series of restricted passageways I I8 whereby fiuid from the well 28 may pass through the passageways II8 into the annular space between the wall of the nozzle member and the outer sleeve 90, through the passages H6, and to the enlarged portion of the central bore of the nozzle member. When the circulating unit is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 5, the partition member 94-98 makes well 28 a fluid tight compartment except for the passageways in the nozzle member and the central passageway constitutes in effect the steam discharge opening of compartment 28.

The circulating unit above described may of course have all its parts permanently connected together. In any event, the several parts are so joined that they are not separated by the user in the normal use of the apparatus, whereby the unitary character of such unit is normally retained.

Thus in the case of the unit shown in Figures 1 and 5 in which, as previously stated, the circulating tube 84 is preferably permanently jointed to the nozzle member 88, the sleeve 90 is preferably screwed very tightly upon the lower portion of the nozzle 88 thereby semi-permanently holding all of the parts constituting the circulating unit in assembled relation. If desired,

- the circulating unit is the user may at intervals take the assembly apart by removing the sleeve 90 for purposes of cleaning and the like.

When the circulating -unit is positioned as shown in Figures 1 and 5, the tube 84 extends vertically upward substantially centrally of the pot. The upper portion of the tube is provided with an outwardly extending rim or shoulder I20 which serves to support a holder I2I for the ground coffee. Such holder may be of any desired type and is preferably provided with a number of exterior lugs or pins I22 to insure that it will be centrally positioned when mounted upon the tube 84. As shown in Figure 1, the tube 84 extends through and above the top of the coffee holder.

It will be observed that the well 28 and all that portion of the cylindrical member-2 above the transverse member I8, together constitute a liquid-tight vessel. When the circulating unit is screwed into place as illustrated in Figures 1 and 5, the partition wall or cover 94-98 forms the vessel into two compartments, one consisting of the space in the well below the partition or cover member 94-96, and the other consisting of the space above the transverse member. In this case the sole fluid connection between the compartments is the restricted nozzle opening 89 which is preferably so small that no liquid would run therethrough into compartment 28 from compartment I25 if poured into the latter after the circulating unit is in position, regardless of the temperature of compartment 28. Thus water can only be introduced into compartment 28 by pouring it into the vessel before secured into position and after it is so secured the water thereby trapped in compartment 28 is in effect a separate body from that in the upper compartment I25.

When the device is to be used for making coffee, the user removes the top 4 and the coffee ground holder I2I in the same manner as is done in the use of a conventional percolator. Also, the user removes the circulating unit above described or at least loosens the same sufiiciently to enable introduction of water into the well 28 beneath the partition or cover member 94-98. If the circulating unit happens to be already tightly screwed into position as shown in Figure 1, it can be readily removed or loosened by simply imparting a rotating movement to the top of the tube 84. To facilitate this the upper portion of the tube 84 may be suitably knurled and by reason of the connection between the several parts of the circulating unit as described above, rotation of the tube 84 will result in an unscrewing of the base member 92 from the screw portion 44 of the stationary stud 42. When the base 92 of the circulating unit has been separated from the screw 44, the entire circulating unit may be lifted out of the container.

After loosening or removing the circulating unit the user pours an amount of water into the vessel equal to the total amount of coffee beverage desired. The water will flow into and fill the well 28, which is of relatively small size as compared to the compartment I25, and will partially fill compartment I25 depending upon the amount of water. After the water has been introduced, the user secures the circulating unit into the position shown in Figures 1 and 5 by simply inserting the lower portion thereof into the compartment 28 and rotating tube 84 thereby to screw the base 92 onto the upper threaded portion of The lower portion of the stationary stud 42.

circulating unit is easily guided into position by reason of the skirt H2 in the l portion of the base and the guide member l i pothof which serve to center the assembly witu tactically no effort on the part of the user. The tube 8 is rotated by the user until the shoulder i the base member 92 at the upper edges of tne skirt H52 engages the shoulder formed the reduced screw-threaded portion at on the stud 42 and thereby preventing further rotation. The parts are so designed that these shoulders will not engage until the unit has been pulled down sufficiently to compress the partition member =7498 against the seat 34 and cause a tight connection at its outer periphery with said seat, and a tight connection at the inner periphery of the disk 84 with the sloping shoulder formed on the nozzle 88. The partition or cover member 9498 will be yieldingly held in this position by means of the compression spring I04 and as shown in Figures 1 and 5. There is some relative movement between the outer sleeve and the base member when this condition of proper compressiouis reached. The pin I08 is held against the ends of its slot when the circulating unit is removed. The compartment 28 is now fluid-tight except for the nozzle leading into compartment I25 and the user thereupon places the desired amount of ground coffee in the coffee holder I2I and closes the lid 4.

When this has been done, the heating element 18 is energized by connecting the same to any suitable source of electrical current and the heating element I8 is maintained energized until the temperature of the water in compartment I 25 reaches a predetermined temperature depending upon the maximum temperature at which it is desired to make the infusion. Due to the fact that the water in compartment 28 is substantially a separate body, its temperature is substantially unaffected by this heating step. When the predetermined temperature of the water in compartment I25 is reached, the heating element I8 is deenergized and the heating element 50 is energized, whereby the water in the compartment 28 will begin to heat up. Due to the relatively small amount of water in compartment 28 steam will rapidly be generated and this steam will pass into the central bore of the nozzle member 88 and be injected out of its nozzle opening 89 into the water in compartment I25. Upon issuing from the nozzle opening 89 into the lower en-' larged portion of tube 84, the steam will cause a flow of water upwardly through the tube 84 in a rather steady and continuous stream. The volume and force of this liquid stream may of course be varied by varying the relative sizes and relation of the parts. In the case of an apparatus made in the proportions shown in Figures 1 and 5, the generation of steam in compartment 28 results in a substantially continuous flow of water upwardly through the tube 84 with sufficient force to strike the spreading member 6 and be distributed over the ground coffee. The water seeps through the ground coffee and the resulting infusion falls back into the compartment I25 where it becomes intermingled with the rest of the liquid in that compartment. The liquid elevated in the tube 84 is continuously supplied through the openings 86 and shortly after the start of the operation comprises coffee infusion. As the operation progresses, the stream becomes of a progressively darker shade indicating that the extraction of the ground coffee in the holder I2I is progressively continuing and showing that the infusion is being recirculated. When the exaware? traction has progressed to the desired degree, the heating element 58 is deenergized and the coffee is ready to serve.

After the deenergization of the heating element 78 as above stated there is a further rise in the temperature of the water in compartment I25 flue to the residual heat in element "I8 and the heat imparted to such water by the injection of steam from the compartment 2 perature at which liquid will be circulated through erably made of such size as tinuously injected into compartment I25 until the extraction is complete. Accordingly no liquid from compartment I25 can enter the steam generating compartment 28. By varying'the size of compartment 28, one may obtain any amount of circulation, as for example several times the volume of the water.

However, the matter of whether or not this is the case is imof infusing liquid through the tube 84 and over the coffee in the coffee holder I2I. Accordingly, references in this specification and in the claims before or after condensation.

After some water has been elevated in the tube 84, passed through the ground coffee, and returned to the compartment I25, the liquid entering the lower portion of tube 84 through the holes 86 and sweeping around the tip of the nozzle 88 so as to be forced upwardly in the tube 84 will compartment I25, especially when the maximum temperatures to be reached in the main body of the liquid in the compartment I25 are approached. Accordingly the passage of coffee infusion in intimate relation with the nozzle 89, and the aforementioned injection of steam, do not have a deleterious effect upon the coffee infusion as is the case, for example, in an ordinary percolator wherein portions of the infusion are repeatedly subjected to high temperature and boiled to furnish the steam necessary for circulating theinfusing liquid through the circulating tube.

The present invention thus provides a simple means for continuously circulating infusing liquid through the coffee without the necessity of boiling or unduly heating any of the infusion. In the apparatus of this invention, substantially the only liquid which is heated up to or above the boiling point is the plain water in the compartment 28. The circulation of the infusing liquid is effected without deleterious local or general over-heating with consequent adverse taste effects. All parts of the liquid in compartment I28 are maintained below substantially the boiling point, the circulation being effected by steam generated from plain water in compartment 28.

After the heating element 58 is deenergized, the pressure in compartment 28 will be reduced and a small amount of infusion will be drawn into the compartment 28 and overheated, but this amount is so slight as to be insignificant. Moreover substantially all of the over-heated infusion remains in the chamber 28 and need not be used for beverage purposes. Also, the nozzle member may be provided with a check valve preventing suction of infusion into compartment 28 when heating element 58 is deenergized in which case a suitable manually controlled valve for admitting air into the compartment is also provided.

As a specific example of the operation of the apparatus disclosed in Figures 1 and 5, six cups of water may be placed in the vessel and the requisite amount of cofiee in the holder I2I. The liquid in compartment I25 is heated until it reaches a temperature of 145 F., whereupon heating element I8 is deenergized and heating element 58 is energized. The residual heat in the heating element I8 will elevate the temperature of the body of water in compartment I25 several degrees more, say to 155. When steam begins issuing from nozzle 88 and elevating the infusing liquid through the tube 84, the temperature of the liquid in compartment I25 will further rise and when the water in compartment 28 has been converted into steam and exhausted and the coffee has been thoroughly extracted, the temperature in compartment I25 will have reached about 186. Thus in this example, the maximum temperature of liquid circulated through the ground coffee will be 186 and the infusion will not have been scorched by subjection to excess heat, either locally or'otherwise. The coffee will be ready to serve at about the maximum temperature at which the infusion was made, as distinguished from coffee making devices in which the infusion is collected in a vessel separate from that in which the water was heated up and is accordingly somewhat cooled. By holding the maximum temperature of the infusing liquid to around 186", there results a mellow coffee which is very pleasing in taste. However, individual preferences may vary and the maximum temperature of the infusing liquid may be altered by simply varying the temperature at which the heating element I8 is deenergized and the heating element 58 energized. Thus one might maintain the heating element 18 energized until the liquid in compartment I25 reached a temperature of 150 or 155 F. whereby infusing liquid would be passed through the coffee at a higher temperature than in the example previously given and a different taste in the final product would result. The apparatus of the present invention thereby not only facilitates the making of infusions of coffee below the boiling point without over-heating the infusion, but further renders a simple means by which the taste of the final infusion may be readily controlled.

While the apparatus of this invention could be operated in the manner set forth above by the operator manually, this would require considerable watching. The apparatus is of such nature as to readily lend itself to a simplified form of through an opening in automatic control thereby obviating all necessity for watching and rendering the making of coffee infusion entirely automatic from the time the water and coffee are placed in the device. The drawings disclose an illustrative form of control apparatus and this will now be more particularly described, reference being had more particularly to Figures 1 to 4, '7 to 9 and 15. In these figures, the numeral I38 designates a preferably rigid base plate which may be of insulating material but in the apparatus disclosed is formed of sheet metal having downtumed lugs by means of which it is supported from the walls of the skirt I4 at one end. The base plate is supported at its other end from the enlarged base 43 of the stud permanently mounted at the bottom of the chamber 38 by a suitable scre The base plate I38 has an upturned lug I32 upon which there are supported a pair of parallel, spaced, contact arms I34-I38 of spring metal having contacts I38-I48 at their outer ends. The contact arms are of course suitably insulated from the base plate and they are so mounted that normally their contacts I38 and I48 are separated as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2. These contacts are in the energizing circuit for both the heater 18 and the heater 58 and before the device can be placed in operation the contacts I38 and I48 constituting the main switch, must be manually closed. Any suitable means for so closing these contacts may be provided but as here shown the closing means consists of -a pin I42 which slides in a sleeve mounted upon an upturned lug of the base plate. Pin I42 extends the walls of skirt I4 and is provided with an enlarged head outside of the skirt. It is also provided with an enlarged head I44 at its other end inside of the skirt and above the base plate I38. A pair of upturned lugs I46 on the base plate have pivotally mounted thereon a latch member I48 having a downturned latch portion which is adapted to engage the head I44 and prevent removal of the pin toward an outer position when the latch member is in the position shown in Figure 8. Any suitable means may be provided for limiting the movement of a latch such as a stud I58 provided with an enlarged head which cooperates with an extension on the latch to limit its movement. The head I44 is positioned adjacent the spring contact arm I34. When the latch I48 is raised and the pin I42 is in retracted position, the spring contact arm I34 can travel sufficiently far under its own spring tension to cause separation of the main switch contacts I38 and I48. This position of the parts is shown in Figure 2. In order to enable completion of the energizing circuit for the heating elements, the pin I42 must be pushed inwardly from the position shown in Figure 2 by the operator whereby spring contact arm I34 will be pressed in a direction to cause engagements of contacts I38 and I48. When the pin has been so moved, the latch I48 will drop down by gravity and hold the pin in such position until the latch is later released.

Numeral I52 designates a short piece of himetallic material which is fastened to the under side of the enlarged base 43 of the stud mounted in the bottom of chamber 28 by any suitable means such as a pair of screws I54. The bimetallic member I52 has connected thereto a rigid extension I56 which carries at its outer end an adjustable screw I58 held in place by a lock nut I88. The end of screw I58 is arranged to strike against the latch I48 and raise the same when the temperature to which the bimetallic element I52 is subjected rises a predetermined point whereby the pin I42 will be released when such temperature cause contacts I38 and I40 to disengage. The temperature at which the latch I48 will be moved and the main switch contacts I38-I40 separated can be very simply adjusted by adjusting the screw I58. Inasmuch as the enlarged base of stud 43 is mounted in direct contact with the lower wall of chamber 28, the temperature of bimetallic element I52 will closely follow the temperature of the bottom of chamber 28 and the main switch contacts will be separated in response to the condition of chamber 28. Figure 9 shows the bimetallic element and its associated parts in the position when the latch is raised, the main switch contacts are separated, and the pin pushed outwardly.

The base plate is provided with a cut away portion I62 and above this portion there is mounted a slidable plate I64. This slidable plate has mounted thereon a pair of studs I66 which depend through slots I68 formed in the base plate suiilciently loose to enable sliding movement of the plate I64. The sliding plate is provided with an upturned lug I having a screw threaded opening. Numeral I12 represents an enlarged head of an adjusting member which projects outside of the skirt I4 and is provided with a handle I 14. The adjusting member is provided with a screw threaded end of reduced diameter I16 which passes through an opening in the lug I18 of the main base plate which lug likewise partially supports I the aforementioned pin I42 for manipulating the ISO main switch. The threaded end I16 of the adjusting member engages with the screw threaded opening in the upstanding lug I10. A compression spring I80 surrounds the reduced portion I 16 of the adjusting screw and is located between the lugs I18 and I10 thereby forcing the slidable plate to the right until the enlarged head I12 engages with the lug I18 and prevents further movement. It will be seen that by rotating the handle I14 of the adjusting screw the position of the sliding plate I64 may be varied.

Depending from the slidable plate at the cutaway portion I62 of the base plate are a pair of suitably insulated contact posts I82 and I84 provided with adjustable contact screws I86 and I81 respectively. The main base plate has a downturned lug I88 to which there is fastened a suitably insulated spring metal strip I 90. Secured to this are a pair of flexible contact arms I 92 and I94 carrying contacts I96 and I98 for engagement with the contacts I86 and I81 respectively. Concontacts I81-I98 control the energizing circuit or the heating element 50. In the manual operation of the device as stated above, the heating element 18 was deenergized and the heating element 50 was energized at the same time. However, it is advisable to provide a slight overlap for the reason that the total lapsed time in making the coffee is slightly shorterif the heating element 50 is energized shortly before the heating element 18 is deenergized so that steam will commence to be generated, at thetime the main body of liquid in the compartment I25 has reached a temperature at which it is desirable to begin injecting the steam and circulating the liquid through the cofl'ee. Any suitable means may be provided for causing the contacts I98 and I61 to make slightly before the contacts I86 and I96 break upon movement oi the contact arm assembly. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, there is here provided a rigid strip 200 which is connected to flexible strip I90. This strip has elongated lugs 202 and 204 at its free end portion which are bent over to form U-shaped guides through which the contact arms I92 and I94 pass. The bent-over portion of the lug 202 is so spaced from the rigid strip 200 that As shown in Figure 11, the sloping wall 24 of the transverse member I6 has a short bimetallic element 206 having a rigid extension 208 which can be entirely dispensed with.

The apparatus may be readily adjusted to cause manipulation of apparatus gages the u standing lug 42, and after the usual terminals 2I4-2I5 have been connected to a source of current by means of a conventional receptacle, the operator simply presses the pin I42 inwardly until the main switch contacts I66 and I40 are in engagement andthe latch I46 drops to retain the pin in retracted position and maintain these contacts in engagement. When the contacts I66 and I40 close, the following energizing circuit is set up for the heating element 16: terminal 2, wire 2I6, contact arm I24, contact I66, contact I40, contact arm I66, conducting strip 2I6, contact arm I92, contact I96, contact I66, wire 220, heating element 16, ire 222 and terminal 2I5. Energizatlon of the heating element 16 will cause a rise in the temperature of the water in compartment I25 with the result that bimetallic element 206 will become correspondingly heated and will move its extension to the right of the position shown in Figures 1, 2 and 15. when the temperature of the water and consequently the temperature of bimetallic element 206 reaches a predetermined point, depending upon the setting of the slidable plate I64 by means of the adjustment handle I14, the extension 206 will have moved sufliciently to cause contacts I61I96 to come into engagement, thereby to set up an energizing circuit for the heating element 50. At this stage the position of. the parts is as shown in Figure 3. The circuit by which the heating element 50 is energized is as follows: terminal 2I4, wire 2I6, contact arm I34, contact I66, contact I40, contact arm I36, conducting strip 2I6, contact arm I94, contact I96, contact I61, wire 224, heating element 56, wire 226, and terminal 2I5.

As a result of further rise of the temperature of water in compartment I25, the member 206 moves further to the right and causes disengagement of contacts I66--I96 thereby breaking the energizing circuit for the heating element 16. The residual heat in this heating element causes a further rise in the temperature of the water in compartment I25, and in a very short time, steam is generated in the compartment 26 and discharged through the nozzle 69 into the liquid in the compartment I25 at the lower portion of the circulating tube 64. This discharge of steam will cause a flow of water upwardly through the tube 64 which water will be distributed over the coffee in coffee holder I2I and drip back into the main body of the liquid. Such circulation of the liquid through the tube 64 will continue as long as there is any steam issuing from the nozzle 66. When the water in compartment 26 is substantially all converted into steam and exhausted, there will be rapid rise in the temperature of the bottom and the side walls of compartment 26 with the result that bimetallic element I52 will be warped thereby moving its extension I56 and associated abutment screw I56 against the under side of latch I46, thereby to release the pin in Figure 9. When the latch releases the pin the natural spring tension of the contact arm I34 is such as to push the pin outwardly to a point where the latch will rest on the sloping surface of the head I44, thereby providing a visible signal indicating the completion of the infusing operation. Also the spring contact arm I64 will cause separation of contacts I66 and I40. When the main switch contacts I66--I 40 are thus separated, the extraction is complete and the has been automatically deenergized.

As previously pointed out, there will be an increase in the temperature of the liquid in com- I42 as shown partment I25 after the injection of steam is commenced therein, even though the heating element 16 is deenergized. Accordingly, the maximum temperature at which liquid is passed through the coflee is controlled by controlling the temperature at which the heating element 16 is deenergized and the injection of steam begun. For a constant amount of water in compartment I25, the same maximum infusion temperature will be reached for any given setting of the adjusting handle I14. However, a variation of. the amount of water in the compartment I25 will cause a variation in the maximum infusion temperature even though the setting of handle I14 and its associated mechanism for adjusting the position of contacts I66 and I96 is maintained constant. Therefore, to compensate for different amounts of water in the compartment I25, there must be an adjustment of the handle or pointer I14, if uniform or maximum infusion temperature is to be preserved. Thus, if the vessel is suillciently large to hold eight cups, for example, and it is desired to make only four cups of coffee in the vessel, the device must be adjusted to cause the heating element 16 to become deenergized at a lower temperature than that at which it should if. eight cups of beverage were order to prevent the infusing liquid from reaching a higher temperature than it would reach it eight cups were being made. To enable this adjustment in simple fashion, the outside of the skirt I4 is provided with a dial opposite the adjustment handle or pointer I14 showing the setting which should be made for any given number of cups.

By adjusting the handle or dial I14 within the range marked on the dial for any given number infusion temperature when such number of cups are being treated and the regulating handle I14 and its associated mechanism accordingly also provide means for controlling the taste of the beverage to the individual preference of the user.

While the steam discharge passageway from compartment 26 is through the removable partition or cover 94-96 it may obviously be through some other portion of the contours of compartment 26. Where it is desired to have a battery of infusing compartments, as for example in the case of a device to be used for commercial purposes, a single steam generating compartment may, if desired, be provided for the several compartments.

It will be observed that it would be impossible for compartment 26 to explode. If for any reason the pressure on the underside of partition 94-96 exceeds the compression of the spring I04, the partition would simply lift and release the pressure. Any other suitable safety means may be provided. The partition 94-96 may be made of flexible spring metal material, for example, and the sliding compression spring arrangement dispensed with. In order to preclude clogging of the nozzle 69 with consequent building up of abnormally high pressures in compartment 26, the passageways H6 and 6 are preferably made of smaller diameter than that of the nozzle 69.

It is not essential to the invention that there be two separate heating elements as in the modiiication of the invention disclosed in Figures 1 to 15. Figures 16 and 19 illustrate a simplified form of the invention in which a single heating element is used. The vessel of the device disclosed in Figures 18 and 19 is separable into compartments I25 and 26 which are analogous to the compartments marked with like reference numerals in the modification shown in Figure 1. Instead of utilizing an irregular shaped transverse member I6 with an associated separate heating element, as in the modification of Figure 1, the modification of the invention disclosed in Figure 18 employs a plain annular plate which does not have any separate heating element associated therewith, as the transverse member I6. The circulating unit of the apparatus shown in Figure 18 is the same as the circulating unit of the modification shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the cap or partition member 94-96 of Figure 1 is substituted with a bimetallic cover or partition member 230 which is fastened to the 88 by means of a tightly screwed that forces the inner periphery of the bimetallic partition member 230 tightly against a shoulder formed by an enlarged portion of the nozzle member as shown, to form a fluidtight connection. The lower portion of the steam injector assembly of the modification shown in Figure 18 is exactly like the lower portion of such assembly shown in Figure 5.

When the base 92 of the circulating unit is screwed down tight in the device of and the bimetallic element 230 is cold or at room ment 236, which heating elements may be of a type 50 and in compartment 28. element 236 will at this stage not be distributed body of water, but will pass liquid through the tube 84 and down through the coffee in the holder IZI. A thermostat (not shown) responsive to the temperature of the 84 and coffee holder IZI are similar to those shown in the modifications previously described and the nozzle member A bimetallic element 256 is secured to the bottom of compartment 28 whereby this element responds to the temperature of the comment 256 will move suflieiently to separate the Numeral 258 designates a suitab e helix wound about the armature 260.

The water may be inserted either before or after the insertion of the circulating unit comcontact arm 288, contact 252, contact 258, contact arm 218, wire 212, and terminal 214. The energization of heating element 248 will cause the water in both the well 28 and in the upper portion of the container to be heated by convection currents passing beneath the partition member or cap 248. When the temperature of the water within the well 28 reaches a predetermined point depending upon the setting of adjustment earn 254 the bimetallic element 258 will operate to separate the contacts 258-252 thereby breaking the aforementioned energizing circuit for the heating element 248. However, the heating element will continue to remain energized through the following circuit: terminal 282, wire 284, heating element 248, wire 218, helix 258 of the electromagnet, wire 218, wire 212 and terminal 214. It will be noted that in this circuit the heating element and the coil of the electromagnet are in series whereby a heavy current will flow through the electromagnet coil.

The flow of this current will result in an attraction of the block 244 toward the bottom of well 28 with the result that the entire circulating unit will be pulled downwardly and the partition member 248 will close off the top of the well 28 as shown in Figure 21. When this occurs, convection currents can no longer serve to conduct heat from the heating element 248 to the liquid in the compartment I25 and substantially all the heat from the heating element is imparted to the relatively small amount of liquid trapped in compartment 28. The result is that this water is rapidly converted into steam and discharged through the nozzle 88 whereby circulation of infusing liquid through the coffee in holder l2l is set up.

Any suitable means, not shown, may be provided for deenergizing the heating element and the electromagnet when the temperature of compartment 28 rises as a result of the conversion of the water therein into steam and discharge thereof through the nozzle. Such means may consist, for example, of a thermostat similar to thermostat 258 operating to open a switch inserted in a wire 284. Or, the thermostat 258 may itself be arranged to open a switch in wire 284 at a temperature higher than that at which it effects separation of the contacts 258 and 252.

The shaft for the adjusting cam 254 preferably extends through the outer wall of the skirt l4 and is provided with a pointer cooperating with a dial similar to that provided on the device disclosed in Figure 1 and by means of which an adjustment may be made to compensate for variations in the amount of liquid used and to ad just the maximum infusion temperature for any given amount of liquid thereby to control the tastes of the final infusion.

If abnormal pressures should for any reason be set up in compartment 28, it will not explode for the pressure will be automatically released when its force against the partition 248 overcomes the effect of the electromagnet.

Figure 16 discloses yet another modification in which but a single heater is provided but in which it is unnecessary to provide any automatic temperature responsive means for entrapping a portion of the infusing liquid while the device is in operation. Referring more particularly to Figure 16, the device therein shown consists of a cylindrical member 388 having any desired form of top and liquid distributing elements 382-384 together with handle 388 and usual pouring spout 388. Inside of this member there is an imperforate transverse member generally designated at 3l8 which member consists of an annular ring portion 3I2, a vertical cylindrical portion 3" and a depressed central circular portion 3I8. The depressed portion of the transverse member defined by the wall portions 3l4 and M8 is in the nature of a well 328. Beneath this well and in contact therewith there is any suitable form of heating element 322 for heating material in the well 328 by conduction and radiation. This heating element is provided with the usual type of terminals 324 for connection to a suitable source of electric power. The shell is provided with a bottom 328 and supported by suitable legs 328. Screws 338 are provided for holding the heating element 322 in contact with the bottom of the well 328 and for holding the cover 328 in position.

Numeral 332 designates a partition member which is adapted to cover the top of the well 328 and convert the well into a compartment which is closed except for a restricted steam discharge nozzle 334 which is positioned centrally of the removable partition 332. A washer 338 of circular cross-section is preferably provided for engagement between a flange 338 on the removable partition 332 and the beveled edge portion 348 at the upper edge of the well 328, the purpose of the washer 338 being to insure a fluid-tight connection.

Secured to the top of the removable partition member 332 by any desired means such as welding or soldering and extending upwardly therefrom is a liquid circulating tube 342 having an enlarged lower portion provided with water inlet openings 344 into which the steam nozzle 334 extends as shown. The upper portion of the liquid circulating tube 342 is provided with a rib on which any suitable coffee holder 348 is supported. Any suitable means may be provided for fastening the removable partition member 332 in the position shown in Figure 16. As there shown, such fastening means consists of a rigid member 348 (shown in detail in Figure 1'1) having depending lugs provided with grooves at either end. The fastening device has an opening to accommodate the upper portion of tube 342 at its center and has a compression spring 358 secured thereto at this opening. Pins 352 having a diameter slightly less than the widths of the slots in the lugs of the member 348 are secured to the inside of the walls of the cylindrical member 388. After the removable partition member 332 and its connected tube 342 have been placed in the position shown in Figure 16, and the coffee holder has been mounted on the tube, the clamping member 348 is inserted over the top of the tube with the result that the spring 358 will surround the upper portion of the tube and will be stopped by a shoulder formed thereon. The member 348 is then manually rotated until the pins 352 come into engagement with the slots 348 and upon continued manual rotation of the member 348 it will be urged downwardly due to the slant of the slots whereby the compression spring 358 will bear against the aforementioned shoulder on the tube 342 and will press the removable partition member 332 against the top of the well 328.

It will be observed that when the removable partition member is in place, there is defined an upper compartment 354 and the well 328 constitutes a lower compartment.

In the use of the device, the desired amount of water is inserted therein, the removable partition member 332 and the other parts are arranged in the position shown in Figure 16 with the coffee in the holder 346. The heating element 322 is then energized with the result that the water contained in the compartment 320 will convey heat by conduction to the removable partition 332, which is of rather extensive area, and thereby heat the water in the compartment 354. After the heating has continued for a time, the temperature of the water in the compartment 320 will rise considerably more rapidly than the temperature of the water in compartment 354 with the result that'the water in compartment 320 will pass the boiling point and be converted into steam which discharges through the nozzle 334. Such discharge of steam causes the elevation of water in the tube 342 and a circulation of the liquid in compartment 354 through the coffee in holder 346. As a specific example of the operation of this modification of the invention, a device of the type shown in Figure 16 designed for the making of six cups of coffee may have this amount of water placed therein and the heating element 322 energized. When the temperature of the water in compartment 354 reaches about F., the water in the compartment 320 begins to be converted into steam, with the result that a circulation is set up through the tube 342 and through the coffee as above stated. The water will continue to circulate until no more steam issues from the compartment 320 and the parts may be so designed that when the steam in compartment 320 is exhausted the temperature of the liquid in compartment 354 will be at any desired temperature as for example and the coffee will be ex tracted to the desired degree.

Any suitable means may be provided for automatically deenergizing the heating element when the water in compartment 320 is exhausted as for instance a thermostat connected to a wall of the compartment 320 and operating to break the energizing circuit when heated to a sufficiently high temperature.

In place of providing the electrical heating element, the device may be arranged for heating on a simple gas or other flame and in no case will overheat the infusion.

It will be understood that the foregoing examples of the invention are merely illustrative and that numerous variations and additional modifications may be made within the scope thereof.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

1. An apparatus for making coffee infusions comprising a coffee holder, a compartment for the infusing liquid, a steam generating compartment for containing a body of water separate from that in the first said compartment and provided with a steam discharge opening and a water inlet opening, a removable cover for the water inlet opening, and means for circulating and recirculating infusing liquid from the first said compartment through said coffee by steam generated in said generating compartment, and issuing through said discharge opening, said steam compartment being closed except for said steam discharge opening when said cover is in place.

2. An apparatus for making infusions of coffee, comprising a coffee holder, a compartment for water, a discharge opening and a water inlet opening for charge opening, a removable cover for said water inlet opening, means for heating water in the second compartment to generate steam therein, a steam nozzle connected to said steam discharge opening and discharging into the first said compartment at a point below the normal level of the liquid contained therein, and means associated steam discharge place.

3. An apparatus for making infusions of coffee comprising, a coffee holder, a vessel for containing water, a movable partition wall for separating said vessel into a first compartment for the main body of infusing liquid and a second compartment for a separate quantity of water, said second compartment having a restricted steam discharge opening and being closed except for such opening when said partition wall is in place to form the said two compartments, means for heating the water in said second compartment to generate steam therein, and means for circulating liquid from said first compartment through said coffee by steam generated in said second compartment and issuing through said discharge opening, said second compartment being large enough to provide sufficient steam for continuing said circulation substantially uninterruptedly until the extraction of the coffee is completed to substantially the desired degree, and substantially without boiling any infused liquid.

4. An apparatus for making infusions of coffee comprising a vessel formed with a well at its lower portion and adapted to contain liquid to a point above the level of the top of said well, a cover for the well having a steam discharge opening and which cover when in place constitutes a partition dividing the vessel into two compartments the first of which lies above the cover and contains the main body of the infusing liquid and the second of which lies below the cover and contains the water trapped in the well by the cover, means for heating the liquid in said well and converting the same into steam, a steam nozzle connected to said steam discharge opening in the cover and discharging into the first compartment at a point below the normal level of the liquid therein, a coffee holder above the normal level of the liquid contained in said first compartment, and a tube associated with said nozzle for elevating liquid from said first compartment in substantially a stream and causing the same to circulate through the coffee in the holder when steam from said second compartment is discharged through said nozzle, said compartment being closed opening.

5. An apparatus for making coffee infusions comprising a liquid containing vessel, a coffee holder above the normal level of the liquid contained in the vessel, thermally responsive means for separating said vessel each containing a portion of the liquid initially contained in the vessel when the liquid reaches a predetermined temperature, means for heating the liquid in one of said compartments to generate steam therein, and means for injecting such steam into the liquid of the other compartment and circulating the same through said coffee.

6. An apparatus for making coffee infusions comprising a first compartment for the main body of infusing liquid, a second compartment for a separate body of water, means for heating the water in said first compartment, means for heating the water in said second compartment and except for said steam discharge into two compartments generating steam therein under pressure means steam to said steam nozzle means all the while for injecting said steam into said main body and until the extraction of the coffee in the holder causing same to circulate through the coffee behas been completed to substantially the desired ing infused, and means for rendering the first degree, and means for rendering said heater in 3 said heating means inoperative when the temoperative when substantially all the water conperature of the water in the first compartment tained in said generating means at the start of reaches a predetermined point. the infusing operation has been exhausted.

'7. An apparatus for making coffee infusions 12. An apparatus for making infusions of cofcomprising a first compartment for the main body fee as claimed in claim 2 wherein means are prom of infusing liquid, a second compartment for a vided for interrupting the action of the heating separate body of water, means for heating the means when substantially all the water originally water in said first compartment, means for heatcontained in said second compartment at the ing the water in said second compartment to genstart of the infusing operation has been diserate steam under pressure, means for injecting charged into the first said compartment.

said steam into said main body and causing same 13. A beverage infusion apparatus including a 15 to circulate through the coffee being infused, vessel housing, a liquid storage chamber adapted means for rendering the first said heating means to maintain infusing liquid therein below the inoperative when the temperature of the water boiling point, a perforate container housing an in the first compartment reaches a predetermined infusing chamber spaced from the stored liquid point, and means for rendering the second said contained in the storage chamber, a fountain tube 20 heating means inoperative when the temperature having an inlet end communicating with the storof the second compartment reaches a predeterage chamber and adapted to conduct liquid to be mined temperature higher than that of the water infused from the storage chamber to the infusing in the first compartment when the first said heatchamber, a separate fluid-tight auxiliary coning means was rendered inoperative. tainer housing a steam-generating heating cham- 25 8. An apparatus for making coffee infusions ber adapted to be initially prefilled with a precomprising a first compartment for the main determined limited quantity of water, a heater body of infusing liquid, a second compartment for said heating chamber, a small steam nozzle for a separate body of water, means for heating operative during heating of the steam-generating the water in said first compartment, means for. chamber to discharge a jet of steam from said 30 heating the water in said second compartment chamber outwardly into the fountain tube to proto generate steam under pressure, means for inpel liquid from the storage chamber through the jecting said steam into said main body and causfountain tube to the infusing chamber, and means ing same to circulate through the coffee being for rendering said heater inoperative when subinfused, thermally responsive means for institutstantially all the water initially contained in 35 ing operation of the second said heating means said heating chamber has been exhausted, said when the temperature of the water in the first nozzle being relatively minute whereby to presaid compartment is at a predetermined point, vent passage inwardly therethrough to the steamand thermally responsive means for rendering the generating chamber of liquid from the storage first said heating means inoperative when the chamber during application of heat to the steam- 40 temperature of the water in the first compartgenerating chamber, the steam-generating chamment reaches a slightly higher point. ber being closed during the entire infusing op- 9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein eration to the admission of liquid thereto so that said thermostatically responsive means are adthe infusing operation, unless sooner terminated justable as to the temperatures at which they by discontinuance of heating of the steam- 45 will operate, whereby the maximum temperature generating chamber, will be automatically of the infusing liquid may be controlled. stopped upon exhaustion of the original limited 10. A coffee making device comprising, a vessel quantity of water initially contained in the steam- I for a body of infusing liquid, a coffee holder norgenerating chamber.

mally spaced from said body and discharging 14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6,where- 50 newly infused liquid back thereto, steam nozzle in means are provided for adjusting the temmeans for continuously circulating infusing liqperature at which said first said heating means uid from said body to the coffee in said holder is rendered inoperative. while previously infused liquid is being discharged 15. An apparatus for making coffee infusions back to said body for admixture therewith, means comprising a first compartment for the main 55 for continuously generating steam from water body of infusing liquid, a second compartment substantially free of solubles of the coffee and for a separate body of water, means for heating continuously supplying such steam to said steam the water in said first compartment, means for nozzle means all the while until the extraction heating the water in said second compartment 00 of the coffee in the holder has been completed and generating steam therein under pressure,

to substantially the desired degree, and thermally means for injecting said steam into said main responsive means for controlling said coffee makbody and causing same to circulate through the ing device upon completion of said extraction to coffee being infused, and means for rendering the desired degree. the heating means for the second said compart- 11. A coffee making device comprising, a vesment operative when the temperature of the sel for a body of infusing liquid, a coffee holder water in the first said compartment reaches a normally spaced from said body and discharging predetermined point. newly infused liquid back thereto, steam nozzle 16. A coffee making device comprising, a vesmeans for contin ously circulating infusing liquid sel for a body of infusing liquid, a coffee holder from said body to the coffee in said holder while normally spaced from said body and discharging previously infused liquid is being discharged back newly infused liquid back thereto, a steam pump to said body for admixture therewith, means for continuously circulating and recirculating including a heater for continuously generating infusing liquid from said body through said cofsteam from water substantially free of solubles fee to completely extract the coffee to substanl of the coffee and continuously supplying such tially the desired degree while simultaneously stantially free of solubles of the coffee and continuously supplying such steam to said pump all the while until the extraction of the coffee in the holder has been completed to substantially the the desired degree.

17. A coffee making device comprising, for containing a body of infusing liquid at a circulating tube associated steam nozzle discharging into said liquid body at stantially the desired degree.

2Q. A domestic type coffee infusing device comchamber for admixture with said body, and steam generating means for supplying said steam nozzle MIAURICE H. GRAHAM. 

